Candida is a term used to refer to a genus of yeast-like fungi known as Candida, which is part of the normal microbiota found in the human body. This genus comprises various species, with Candida albicans being the most common and well-known species. Candida can be found in small amounts in the mouth, digestive tract, and on the skin without causing any harm or symptoms.
However, under certain conditions, such as when the immune system is weakened or in an imbalanced microbiome, Candida can overgrow and cause an infection. These infections, collectively known as candidiasis, can manifest in different forms, including oral thrush, vaginal yeast infections, and invasive candidiasis.
Symptoms of candidiasis depend on the affected area but commonly include itching, discharge, redness, and discomfort. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications, either topical or oral, to eliminate the infection. It is important to note that candidiasis can be recurrent in cases where underlying conditions are not addressed or if there is a reoccurrence of risk factors.
Candida infections are relatively common and can affect people of all ages and genders. Certain factors can increase the risk of developing candidiasis, such as diabetes, pregnancy, the use of antibiotics, and a weakened immune system. Maintaining good hygiene, practicing safe sex, and adopting a healthy lifestyle can help prevent candidiasis in many cases.
