WHOLE BODY RADIATION Meaning and
Definition
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Whole body radiation refers to a medical procedure of exposing the entire body to a controlled amount of ionizing radiation for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. This technique is commonly used in radiation therapy, where high-energy radiation is employed to treat various types of cancers. In this context, whole body radiation involves subjecting the patient's entire body to carefully measured doses of radiation to target cancer cells and shrink tumors.
The procedure of whole body radiation is usually conducted in specialized facilities equipped with advanced equipment capable of delivering precise doses of radiation. Prior to treatment, the patient's position and the dosage are carefully calculated to ensure maximum effectiveness and minimize potential side effects. The radiation is typically administered using an external beam, which emits radiation from outside the body and is directed towards the affected area.
In some cases, whole body radiation may also be employed for diagnostic purposes, such as in preparation for bone marrow transplantation. This process, known as total body irradiation (TBI), aims to destroy cancer cells and suppress the recipient's immune system to clear the way for the transplantation. TBI involves the administration of higher doses of radiation than therapeutic whole body radiation, often delivered in multiple fractions over several days.
While whole body radiation can offer effective treatment or preparatory measures for certain medical conditions, it also carries potential risks and side effects. These may include damage to healthy tissue, temporary or long-term suppression of bone marrow function, fatigue, nausea, and an increased risk of developing secondary cancers. The dosage and frequency of whole body radiation are carefully determined by medical professionals to balance the therapeutic benefits with the potential risks.
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