Upper extremity bones refer to the group of skeletal bones comprising the appendages or limbs situated above the waistline, specifically the arms, forearms, and hands. These bones are integral components of the musculoskeletal system, allowing humans and other vertebrates to perform a wide range of intricate and coordinated movements.
The upper extremity consists of three primary bones: the humerus, radius, and ulna. The humerus, located in the upper arm, is the longest and largest bone of the upper limb. It extends from the shoulder joint to the elbow joint and serves as the main bone involved in the movement of the arm.
The forearm consists of two bones known as the radius and ulna. The radius is located on the thumb side of the forearm, while the ulna is situated on the side of the little finger. These bones run parallel to each other and allow for rotation and movement of the forearm, contributing to actions such as pronation (turning the palm downwards) and supination (turning the palm upwards).
Additionally, the upper extremity includes the numerous bones of the wrist, hand, and fingers. These smaller bones, collectively called the carpal, metacarpal, and phalanges, provide flexibility and dexterity to the hand, enabling intricate tasks such as grasping, writing, and manipulation.
Overall, the upper extremity bones play a vital role in supporting the upper limbs, facilitating movement, and allowing for intricate tasks essential for daily activities and specialized skills.
