The una corda pedal, also known as the soft pedal or the "left pedal," is a mechanism found on a piano designed to enhance the tonal qualities of the instrument. When engaged, the una corda pedal shifts the entire piano action, causing the strings to be struck by only one or two of the three strings per note rather than all three. This resulting change in contact between the hammers and the strings produces a softer, quieter, and somewhat muted sound.
The term "una corda" is derived from Italian, meaning "one string." Historically, pianos were equipped with two or more strings per note for each key, with the una corda pedal serving to shift the mechanism slightly to maintain contact with fewer strings. This alteration in string contact affects the tonal quality, resulting in a more delicate and ethereal sound.
The primary purpose of the una corda pedal is to offer pianists a greater range of tonal expression and dynamics. It is commonly used to create a softer mood or to add color and depth to a musical passage. By enabling a hushed and intimate quality to the music, the una corda pedal can evoke a sense of subtlety or melancholy.
In summary, the una corda pedal is a mechanism on a piano that, when activated, shifts the piano action to strike fewer strings per note, resulting in a quieter and more muted sound. It enhances the piano's expressive capabilities, allowing pianists to create a softer and more nuanced performance.
