SUPERFUND PROGRAM Meaning and
Definition
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The Superfund program refers to the comprehensive and extensive initiative established by the United States federal government to address and mitigate the detrimental impacts caused by hazardous waste sites. Specifically, it is a statutory program put in place under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980 and subsequently amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986.
This program is primarily designed to identify, investigate, and remediate sites across the country that have been contaminated by hazardous substances, pollutants, or toxic chemicals. The Superfund program operates through a complex framework that involves multiple government agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and various stakeholders, including responsible parties, affected communities, and state and tribal governments.
The foremost goal of the Superfund program is to protect public health and the environment by managing and cleaning up these hazardous waste sites. The program's activities encompass a broad range of actions, including site assessments, risk evaluations, enforcement actions against responsible parties, short-term and long-term cleanup plans, and community involvement. It also aims to ensure that the financial burden of cleanup efforts is borne by the parties responsible for the contamination, either through voluntary cooperation or through legal enforcement mechanisms.
Overall, the Superfund program plays a critical role in safeguarding the nation's land, air, and water resources by addressing the legacy of hazardous waste pollution and promoting the restoration and revitalization of affected communities.
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Etymology of SUPERFUND PROGRAM
The term "Superfund program" derives from the Superfund legislation enacted in the United States in 1980. The word "Superfund" was derived from the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) signed into law by President Jimmy Carter. The name "Superfund" was chosen to reflect the objective of creating a dedicated fund to finance the cleanup of hazardous waste sites across the country.
The Superfund program was established as a response to growing concerns about the environmental and health hazards presented by abandoned, uncontrolled, or inactive hazardous waste sites. It created a framework to identify and clean up these sites, with the costs of cleanup being covered by the Superfund. The program also aimed to hold responsible parties accountable for the release of hazardous substances and to ensure community involvement in the decision-making process.
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