The Sea of Cortes, also known as the Gulf of California, is a distinct body of water located in the northwestern region of Mexico. Situated between the Baja California Peninsula and mainland Mexico, it covers an area of approximately 62,000 square miles (160,000 square kilometers) and stretches over 700 miles (1,100 kilometers) in length. The sea is named after the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés, who first explored the area in the 16th century.
The Sea of Cortes is renowned for its exceptional biodiversity and unique marine ecosystem. It is considered one of the most diverse seas on the planet, housing a vast array of marine life. The sea is home to over 900 species of fish, including various species of rays, dolphins, whales, and sharks. It also houses a plethora of other organisms, such as sea turtles, sea lions, and numerous species of birds.
The sea's remarkable diversity can be attributed to its geographic characteristics. The Sea of Cortes contains a complex system of islands, rocky coastlines, and deep submarine canyons, creating a diverse range of habitats for marine life. Additionally, the sea experiences a combination of warm and cool ocean currents, further enriching its biodiversity.
The Sea of Cortes holds great ecological significance and is a popular destination for tourists, scientists, and nature enthusiasts alike. It provides valuable opportunities for marine research and supports a thriving eco-tourism industry. The sea's natural beauty and biodiversity have led UNESCO to designate several islands within its boundaries as World Heritage sites, ensuring their protection for future generations.
