Pronunciation: [pˈʌŋktəm luːtˈiːəm] (IPA) 
The spelling of "punctum luteum" can be a bit daunting for those not familiar with Latin terminology. The first word, punctum, is pronounced as /ˈpʌŋktəm/. The "u" in "punctum" is pronounced like "uh," while the "c" has a "k" sound. Luteum is pronounced as /luːˈtiːəm/, with the "u" sounding like "oo" and the "e" at the end being silent. Together, the two words refer to the yellow spot on the retina of the eye.
Punctum luteum refers to a temporary yellowish structure that forms in the ovary after the release of an egg during ovulation. Also known as the corpus luteum, punctum luteum is an important part of the female reproductive system.
The punctum luteum is formed from the ruptured follicle that releases the mature egg. Once the egg is released, the ruptured follicle undergoes changes and transforms into the punctum luteum. This structure plays a crucial role in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and the preparation of the uterus for potential pregnancy.
The punctum luteum produces hormones, primarily progesterone, which is essential for maintaining the uterus lining (endometrium) in preparation for implantation of a fertilized egg. If fertilization occurs, the punctum luteum will continue to produce progesterone to support early pregnancy until the placenta is fully developed. On the other hand, if fertilization does not occur, the punctum luteum eventually degenerates, leading to a decline in hormone production.
The presence and function of the punctum luteum is an important indicator of the overall health and functionality of the ovaries. It is closely monitored by healthcare professionals to assess fertility, diagnose potential reproductive disorders, and ensure hormonal balance in women.
Macula lutea.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The term "punctum luteum" is derived from Latin.
The word "punctum" means "a point" or "a dot" in Latin. It is the neuter form of the word "punctus", which is the past participle of the verb "pungere" meaning "to prick" or "to puncture".
The word "luteum" is the neuter form of the Latin adjective "luteus", which means "yellow".
In the context of anatomy, the term "punctum luteum" is used to refer to a yellow spot or mark. It is particularly used to describe the small, yellowish structure on the ovary known as the corpus luteum.
