Progressive muscular dystrophy, also known as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive and irreversible muscle weakness and degeneration. It is one of the most common types of muscular dystrophy and primarily affects young boys, usually appearing between the ages of 3 and 5 years.
This condition is caused by a mutation in the gene responsible for producing the protein dystrophin, which plays a vital role in maintaining the structure and function of muscle fibers. As a result, the absence or deficiency of dystrophin causes the muscles to weaken and become increasingly susceptible to damage over time.
The symptoms of progressive muscular dystrophy usually start with difficulty in walking and running. As the disease progresses, individuals may develop a waddling gait, experience frequent falls, and struggle with tasks that involve muscular strength, such as climbing stairs or lifting objects. Additionally, there may be an enlargement of calf muscles due to replacement of muscle tissue with fat and connective tissue.
The disease gradually affects other muscle groups, including those involved in breathing and heart function, leading to respiratory and cardiac complications. While there is currently no cure for progressive muscular dystrophy, various treatment options, such as physical therapy and medications, can help manage symptoms, slow down the progression of the disease, and improve quality of life.
Overall, progressive muscular dystrophy is a debilitating and potentially life-threatening neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration due to the lack of dystrophin protein.
