Minimal change glomerulonephritis (MCGN) is a medical condition that primarily affects the kidneys, causing inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, which are tiny filtering units responsible for cleaning the blood. MCGN is characterized by minimal or no changes in the appearance of the glomeruli when examined under a microscope, hence its name.
This condition is usually seen in children, but it can also occur in adults. It is a type of autoimmune disorder, which means that the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells and tissues. The exact cause of MCGN is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to abnormal immune system function.
Symptoms of MCGN include swelling (edema) in the legs, ankles, and eyes, as well as foamy urine due to the presence of excess protein. In some cases, individuals with MCGN may also experience fatigue, weight gain, and high blood pressure. It is important to note that symptoms can vary from person to person, and some individuals may not have any noticeable symptoms at all.
Diagnosis of MCGN involves a thorough medical history review, urinalysis to examine the presence of protein and red blood cells, blood tests to assess kidney function, and a kidney biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment options for MCGN typically involve the use of medications, particularly corticosteroids, to help reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. In most cases, individuals with MCGN respond well to treatment and experience a full recovery. However, there is a possibility of recurrence in some cases, requiring ongoing monitoring and management.
