Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic and functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a range of digestive symptoms. It is a common condition that affects the large intestine and causes discomfort or pain in the abdomen. IBS is often characterized by irregular bowel movements, including diarrhea, constipation, or a combination of both.
Symptoms of IBS can vary between individuals but typically include abdominal pain or cramping, bloating, gas, and changes in bowel habits. These symptoms tend to occur over a prolonged period, and although they can be bothersome and disrupt daily activities, they do not cause damage to the digestive tract.
The exact cause of IBS remains unknown, but various factors have been associated with the condition, such as abnormal muscle contractions in the intestines, heightened sensitivity to pain, inflammation of the intestines, changes in gut bacteria, or changes in the way the brain and gut communicate.
IBS is often diagnosed based on the patient's symptoms and the exclusion of other health issues that could be causing similar symptoms. Treatment for IBS typically focuses on managing and alleviating symptoms through lifestyle changes, such as dietary modifications, stress management techniques, and regular exercise. Medications may also be prescribed to alleviate specific symptoms, including antispasmodics, laxatives, antidiarrheals, or antidepressants.
Although IBS is a chronic condition that can be frustrating to manage, it is generally not associated with an increased risk of more serious gastrointestinal conditions or life-threatening complications.
