Galvanic skin response (GSR) is a physiological measurement technique used to assess the activity of the sweat glands in the skin. It is an involuntary reaction of the autonomic nervous system in response to emotional or psychological stimuli. GSR is also commonly referred to as electrodermal activity (EDA) or skin conductance response (SCR).
During a galvanic skin response test, two electrodes are connected to the skin, typically on the fingers or palms. One electrode emits a small electrical current, while the other measures the changes in electrical conductance.
When an individual experiences emotional arousal, such as excitement, anxiety, stress, or fear, there is a corresponding increase in sympathetic nervous system activity. This activates the sweat glands, leading to an increase in moisture on the skin, which in turn affects its electrical conductance.
The level of electrical conductance is measured, providing a quantifiable metric to evaluate the intensity and nature of the emotional response. While the term "galvanic skin response" technically refers to the skin's electrical conductance, it is often used more broadly to describe the entire process of measuring emotional or psychological arousal through sweat gland activity.
Galvanic skin response is commonly used in various fields, including psychology, neuroscience, marketing research, and lie detection. By analyzing GSR patterns, researchers can gain insights into emotional states, stress levels, and emotional reactivity in individuals.
