DNA MICROCHIP Meaning and
Definition
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A DNA microchip, also known as a DNA microarray or DNA chip, is a powerful tool used in molecular biology and genetics research to study and analyze small samples of DNA. It is a miniaturized platform that allows the simultaneous analysis of thousands or even millions of different DNA sequences in a single experiment.
The DNA microchip consists of a solid surface, usually a glass slide or a silicon chip, onto which an ordered array of DNA molecules is immobilized. This array is created by applying tiny droplets of DNA solution onto specific locations or spots on the surface, where each spot corresponds to a specific DNA sequence.
The DNA microchip allows scientists to examine the expression levels or detect the presence of specific genes in a sample of DNA. When a fluorescently labeled sample of DNA is applied to the microchip, the DNA molecules in the sample hybridize or bind to their complementary DNA sequences immobilized on the chip. The fluorescence intensity at each spot indicates the abundance or absence of the target DNA molecules in the sample.
DNA microchips are versatile tools used in various applications, including gene expression analysis, genotyping, disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and personalized medicine. They have revolutionized the field of genomics by enabling high-throughput analysis of DNA samples, providing valuable insights into gene function, identifying genetic variations, and advancing our understanding of complex diseases.
Overall, DNA microchips have had a profound impact on the study of genetics and have facilitated the rapid progress of genomic research.
Common Misspellings for DNA MICROCHIP
- sna microchip
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- ena microchip
- dba microchip
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- dna nicrochip
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Etymology of DNA MICROCHIP
The etymology of the word "DNA" dates back to the discovery and understanding of the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which was first proposed by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. The term "DNA" itself stands for "deoxyribonucleic acid", referring to the molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms.
The word "Microchip" has a more recent origin. "Micro" is derived from the Greek word "mikros", meaning small. "Chip" in this context refers to a small, thin piece of semiconductor material, typically silicon, where electronic circuits are etched or fabricated. The term "microchip" emerged in the late 1960s or early 1970s, with the development of integrated circuits and the miniaturization of electronic components.
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