CROWN GALL Meaning and
Definition
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Crown gall, also known as plant gall, is a term used to describe a plant disease caused by the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. It is characterized by the development of abnormal growths or swellings, known as galls, on various parts of the plant, but particularly near the base of the stem and crown. These galls are typically round and can vary in size and color, depending on the plant species and cultivar.
Crown gall can affect a wide range of woody and herbaceous plants, including but not limited to fruit trees, grapevines, roses, and ornamental plants. The disease is often introduced into the plant through wounds or cuts, which provide an entry point for the bacteria. Once inside the plant, A. tumefaciens transfers a portion of its DNA, known as the Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid, into the host plant's cells. This leads to the production of plant hormones, such as auxins and cytokinins, which stimulate abnormal cell division and growth, resulting in the formation of galls.
The galls can have various impacts on the affected plants. They may disrupt the flow of water and nutrients, hinder plant development, weaken the plant's immune system, and even lead to stunted growth, reduced yield, and eventual plant death in severe cases.
Preventing crown gall involves implementing sound horticultural practices, such as proper pruning techniques, reducing plant stress, and avoiding excessive soil moisture. There are also some cultural control methods and chemical treatments available for managing crown gall, although their effectiveness can vary depending on the plant species, the severity of the disease, and other factors.
Common Misspellings for CROWN GALL
- xrown gall
- vrown gall
- frown gall
- drown gall
- ceown gall
- cdown gall
- cfown gall
- ctown gall
- c5own gall
- c4own gall
- criwn gall
- crkwn gall
- crlwn gall
- crpwn gall
- cr0wn gall
- cr9wn gall
- croqn gall
- croan gall
- crosn gall
Etymology of CROWN GALL
The word "crown gall" is a combination of two separate words – "crown" and "gall", each with their own etymology.
- "Crown" originates from the Old English word "cran" (or "cron") meaning "top of the head" or "coronet". It is related to the Latin word "corona", meaning "crown" or "garland". Over time, the term "crown" has come to represent a regal headdress symbolizing authority, power, and prestige.
- "Gall" comes from the Old English word "gealla", which means "sore" or "excrescence". This, in turn, is derived from the Old Norse word "gall", meaning "growth" or "swelling".
Similar spelling words for CROWN GALL
- crown jewel,
- green gall,
- gallow green,
- crown saw,
- green golly,
- kelly green,
- green gill,
- crowing,
- green coal,
- gael greene,
- Carina (Keel),
- crown glass,
- crown jewels,
- claw crane,
- Crown colony.
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